You are in [[http://www.geoinformatics.cc| Geoinformatics Creative Commons Resources]] :: [[http://www.geoinformatics.cc/doku.php?id=geo-ontology|Geospatial Ontology]] :: ISAO 2016 ===== Geospatial Ontology: ISAO 2016 ===== This short course is part of the [[http://isao2016.inf.unibz.it/| 2016 International School for Applied Ontology]]. === 1. Describing socially-agreed entities: Geographical Objects === Lecture: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/isao2016/lecture-objects-isao2016.pptx|Geographical Objects]] Suggested Reading: * Barry Smith and David Mark, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/SmithMark_SDH1998.pdf| Ontology and geographic kinds]]. Proceedings, International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, Vancouver, Canada, 1998. * Barry Smith and David Mark, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/smith_mark_geographical_categories.pdf| Geographical categories: an ontological investigation]]. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 15(7)591-612, 2001. * Barry Smith and David Mark, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/smith_mark_mountains.pdf|"Do mountains exist? Towards an ontology of landforms"]]. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 30(3):411–427, 2003. * Antony Galton, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/galton_boundaries.pdf|"On the ontological status of geographical boundaries"]]. In Matt Duckham, Michael F. Goodchild and Michael F. Worboys (eds.), Foundations of Geographic Information Science, Taylor and Francis, 2003, pages 151-171. * Edward Robinson, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/robinson_boundaries.pdf|"Reexamining fiat, bona fide and force dynamic boundaries for geopolitical entities and their placement in DOLCE."]]. Applied Ontology 7.1 (2012): 93-108. * Fred Fonseca, Max Egenhofer, Peggy Agouris, Gilberto Camara, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/papers/fonseca_tgis_2002.pdf|Ontologies for Integrated GIS]]. Transactions on GIS, 6(3):231-257, 2002. [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/isao2016/reading_objects.pdf|Questions to Ponder]] === 2. Describing the natural world: Geographical fields === Lecture: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/isao2016/lecture-fields-isao2016.pptx|Fields]] Suggested Reading: * Helen Couclelis, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/couclelis_1992_objects_fields.pdf|"People manipulate objects (but cultivate fields): Beyond the raster-vector debate in GIS"]]. In: Frank, A., Campari, I., Formentini, U. (eds.) Theories and Methods of Spatio-Temporal Reasoning in Geographic Space. LNCS, vol. 639. Springer, 1992. * Gilberto Camara, Max Egenhofer, Karine Ferreira, Pedro Andrade, Gilberto Queiroz, Alber Sanchez, Jim Jones, Lubia Vinhas, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/papers/camara_fields_giscience2014.pdf|"Fields as a Generic Type for Big Spatial Data"]]. GIScience 2014 Conference. * Karen Kemp, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/kemp_fields.pdf|"Fields as a framework for integrating GIS and environmental process models"]]. Transactions in GIS 1(3):219–234, 1996. [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/isao2016/reading_fields.pdf| Questions to Ponder]] === 3. Describing changes in our world: Dynamic spatial ontologies === Lecture: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/isao2016/lecture-change-isao2016.pptx|Dynamic Spatial Ontologies]] Suggested reading: * Andrew Frank, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/frank_spatio_temporal_ontology.pdf| "Ontology for Spatio-temporal Databases"]]. In Spatio-Temporal Databases: The Chorochronos Approach (Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2520), edited by Manoulis Koubarakis and Timos Sellis, 9-78. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2003. * Mike Worboys, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/worboys_ijgis2003event.pdf|Event-oriented approaches to geographic phenomena]]. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 19(1):1-28, 2005. * Antony Galton, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/galton_fields_objects_space_time.pdf|"Fields and Objects in Space, Time, and Space-time"]]. Spatial Cognition and Computation, 4(1):39-68, 2004. * Antony Galton & Riichiro Mizoguchi,[[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/galton_waterfall.pdf|"The Water Falls but the Waterfall does not Fall: New perspectives on Objects, Processes and Events"]]. Applied Ontology, 4(2):71—107, 2009. * Grenon, P. & Smith, B.,[[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/smith_snap_span.pdf|SNAP and SPAN: Towards dynamic spatial ontology]]. Spatial Cognition and Computation, 4(1), 69--104, 2004. * Karine Ferreira, Gilberto Camara, Miguel Monteiro, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/papers/stalgebra_tgis.pdf|"An algebra for spatiotemporal data: from observations to events"]]. Transactions in GIS,18(2):253–269,2014. [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/isao2016/reading_change.pdf|Questions to Ponder]] === 4. Combining the natural and social perspectives: Land cover and land use ontologies === Lecture: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/isao2016/lecture-ontology-lucc-isao2016.pptx|Land Use and Land Cover Ontology]] SUggested reading: * Robin Chazdon et al., [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/Chadzon_ForestDefinitions_Ambio2016.pdf| When is a forest a forest? Forest concepts and definitions in the era of forest and landscape restoration]]. Ambio, 1--13, 2016. * Alex Comber, Wadsworth, R., & Fisher, P., [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/Comber_ForestSemantics_JLUS2008.pdf| Using semantics to clarify the conceptual confusion between land cover and land use: the example of ‘forest’]]. Journal of Land Use Science, 3(2-3), 185--198, 2008. * Ohla Ahlqvist, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/Ahlqvist_LCCS_EnvPlan2008.pdf|In search of classification that supports the dynamics of science: the FAO Land Cover Classification System and proposed modifications]]. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 35(1), 169--186, 2008. * Martin Herold, Curtis E Woodcock, Antonio Di Gregorio, Philippe Mayaux, Alan S Belward, John Latham, Christiane C Schmullius, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/herold_lccs.pdf| A joint initiative for harmonization and validation of land cover datasets]]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 44(7):1719-1727, 2006. * Martin Herold, Robert Hubald, Antonio Di Gregorio,[[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/herold_translation_acs_corine_umd_igbp_to_lccs.pdf|Translating and evaluating land cover legends using the UN Land Cover Classification System (LCCS)]]. GOGC-GOLD Report, 43, 2008. * Louisa Jansen, Geoff Groom and Giancarlo Carrai, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/jansen_land_cover_harmonisation.pdf| Land-cover harmonisation and semantic similarity: some methodological issues]]. Journal of Land Use Science, 3(2–3):131–160, 2008. * Fred Fonseca, Gilberto Câmara, Miguel Monteiro, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/Fonseca_Camara_MeasuringInteroperability_SCC2003.pdf|A framework for measuring the interoperability of geo-ontologies]]. Spatial Cognition and Computation, 6(4), 309--331, 2006. [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/isao2016/reading_lucc.pdf|Questions to Ponder]] === 5. In Search of a General Theory for Geospatial Ontologies === Lecture: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/isao2016/lecture-axiomatic-theory-isao2016.pptx|Axiomatic Theory]] Suggested reading: * Antony Galton,[[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/Galton_ProcessesEvents_COSIT2015.pdf|Outline of a Formal Theory of Processes and Events, and Why GIScience Needs One]]. In COSIT 2015 (pp. 3--22), 2015. * Mike Goodchild, May Yuan, & Tom Cova, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/goodchild_general_theory_ijgis_2007.pdf|"Towards a general theory of geographic representation in GIS"]]. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 21(3), pp.239-260, 2007. * Werner Kuhn, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/kuhn_ijgis_2012.pdf|"Core concepts of spatial information for transdisciplinary research"]]. International Journal of Geographic Information Science vol.26(12), 2012.