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===== Geospatial Ontology: INPE Advanced Research Seminar 2016 =====

=== 1. Introduction ===
Lecture: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/geo-ontology-inpe2016/lecture-introduction.ppt|What is Geoinformatics?]]    

=== 2. Vector Geometries and Qualitative Spatial Reasoning ====
Lecture: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/geo-ontology-inpe2016/lecture-topology.ppt|Topologies and QSR]] 
  * Max Egenhofer and Robert Franzosa, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/egenhofer_point_set.pdf|"Point-Set Topological Spatial Relations"]], International Journal of Geographical Information Systems 5 (2): 161-174, 1991.
  * Max Egenhofer and John Herring, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/egenhofer_binary_topological_relations.pdf|"Categorizing Binary Topological Relations Between Regions,Lines, and Points in Geographic Databases"]], NCGIA Report, 1994.
  * Eliseo Clementini, Paolino Di Felice, Peter van Oosterom, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/clementini_topological_relations.pdf|"A small set of formal topological relationships suitable for end-user interaction"]]. Advances in Spatial Databases, Lecture Notes in Computer Science Volume 692:277-295, 1993. 
  * Anthony Cohn, Brandon Bennett, John Gooday, Nicholas Gotts,[[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/cohn_qualitative_1997.pdf|"Qualitative Spatial Representation and Reasoning with the Region Connection Calculus"]]. GeoInformatica, 1(3):275-316, 1997.
  * Eliseo Clementini, Paolino Di Felice, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/clementini_comparison.pdf|"A comparison of methods for representing topological relationships"]], Information Sciences, 3(3):149–178, 1995.

Assignment 1: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/geo-ontology-inpe2016/assignment_1_2016.pdf|An essay on “Topological Operations on 2D Space for Geographical Applications”]] (firm deadline: 15 August 2016 - 12h00)


=== 3. Describing socially-agreed entities: Geographical Objects ===
Lecture: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/intro-geoinfo-2016/lecture-objects.pptx|Geographical Objects]]

Suggested Reading: 
  * Barry Smith and David Mark, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/SmithMark_SDH1998.pdf| Ontology and geographic kinds]]. Proceedings, International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, Vancouver, Canada, 1998.
  * Barry Smith and David Mark, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/smith_mark_geographical_categories.pdf| Geographical categories: an ontological investigation]]. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 15(7)591-612, 2001.
  * Barry Smith and David Mark, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/smith_mark_mountains.pdf|"Do mountains exist? Towards an ontology of landforms"]]. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 30(3):411–427, 2003.
  * Antony Galton, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/galton_boundaries.pdf|"On the ontological status of geographical boundaries"]]. In Matt Duckham, Michael F. Goodchild and Michael F. Worboys (eds.), Foundations of Geographic Information Science, Taylor and Francis, 2003, pages 151-171.
  * Edward Robinson, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/robinson_boundaries.pdf|"Reexamining fiat, bona fide and force dynamic boundaries for geopolitical entities and their placement in DOLCE."]]. Applied Ontology 7.1 (2012): 93-108.

Assignment 2: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/geo-ontology-inpe2016/assignment_2_2016.pdf|An essay on “Ontology of Geographical Objects”]] (firm deadline: 29 August 2016 - 12h00)

=== 4. Describing the natural world: Geographical fields ===
Lecture: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/geo-ontology-inpe2016/lecture-fields.pptx|Fields]]

Suggested Reading:
  * Helen Couclelis, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/couclelis_1992_objects_fields.pdf|"People manipulate objects (but cultivate fields): Beyond the raster-vector debate in GIS"]]. In: Frank, A., Campari, I., Formentini, U. (eds.) Theories and Methods of Spatio-Temporal Reasoning in Geographic Space. LNCS, vol. 639. Springer, 1992.
  * Karen Kemp, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/kemp_fields.pdf|"Fields as a framework for integrating GIS and environmental process models"]]. Transactions in GIS 1(3):219–234, 1996.
  * Karine Ferreira, Gilberto Camara, Miguel Monteiro, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/papers/stalgebra_tgis.pdf|"An algebra for spatiotemporal data: from observations to events"]]. Transactions in GIS,18(2):253–269,2014.
  * Gilberto Camara, Max Egenhofer, Karine Ferreira, Pedro Andrade, Gilberto Queiroz, Alber Sanchez, Jim Jones, Lubia Vinhas, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/papers/camara_fields_giscience2014.pdf|"Fields as a Generic Type for Big Spatial Data"]]. GIScience 2014 Conference.

Assignment 3: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/geo-ontology-inpe2016/assignment_3_2016.pdf|An essay on “Geographical Fields”]] (firm deadline: 28 July 2015 - 9h00)


=== 5. Describing changes in our world: Dynamic spatial ontologies ===
Lecture: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/geo-ontology-inpe2016/lecture-change.pptx|Describing change in geographical spaces]]

Suggested reading:

  * Mike Worboys, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/worboys_ijgis2003event.pdf|Event-oriented approaches to geographic phenomena]]. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 19(1):1-28, 2005.
  * Antony Galton, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/galton_fields_objects_space_time.pdf|"Fields and Objects in Space, Time, and Space-time"]]. Spatial Cognition and Computation, 4(1):39-68, 2004. 
  * Peter Hacker, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/hacker_events_objects_time.pdf|"Events and objects in space and time"]]. Mind 91.361 (1982): 1-19.
  * Gilberto Camara, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/present/lecture-fois2016-gcamara.pptx|"Geographical ontologies for land use and land cover change: distinguishing continuants from occurents"]]. Formal Ontologies and Information Systems Conference (FOIS) 2016. Annecy, France, July 2016.
Assignment 4: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/geo-ontology-inpe2016/assignment_4_2016.pdf|An essay on “Space and time in GIS”]] (firm deadline: 29 July 2016 - 9h00)

=== 6. In Search of a General Theory for Geospatial Ontologies ===
Lecture: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/geo-ontology-inpe2016/lecture-GIS-theory.pptx|A Theory of Geospatial Ontologies]]

Suggested reading:
  * Werner Kuhn, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/kuhn_ijgis_2012.pdf|"Core concepts of spatial information for transdisciplinary research"]]. International Journal of Geographic Information Science vol.26(12), 2012. 
  * Andrew Frank, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/frank_spatio_temporal_ontology.pdf| "Ontology for Spatio-temporal Databases"]]. In Spatio-Temporal Databases: The Chorochronos Approach (Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2520), edited by Manoulis Koubarakis and Timos Sellis, 9-78. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2003.
  * Mike Goodchild, May Yuan, & Tom Cova, [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/references/goodchild_general_theory_ijgis_2007.pdf|"Towards a general theory of geographic representation in GIS"]]. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 21(3), pp.239-260, 2007.

Assignment 5: [[http://www.dpi.inpe.br/gilberto/cursos/geo-ontology-inpe2016/assignment_5_2016.pdf|An essay on “Core Concepts of Geoinformatics”]] (firm deadline: 14 August 2016 - midnight)
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